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Nature Research, Nature, 7400(485), p. 635-641, 2012

DOI: 10.1038/nature11119

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The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution

Journal article published in 2012 by Jan van Oeveren, Keygene N. V. Marco G. M. van Schriek, Peter de Heer, Lorena daPonte, Michiel J. T. van Eijk, Mark J. J. van Haaren, Asunción Fernandez del Carmen, Jose van de Belt, Jan C. van Haarst, Marjo J. van Staveren, Roeland C. H. J. van Ham, Sheila Zuñiga, Hans H. de Jong, Shusei Sato, Satoshi Tabata and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera(1) and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium(2), and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nucleotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.