The construction of intelligent stimuli-responsive nanosystems can substantially improve the sensitivity/resolution/specificity of diagnostic imaging and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of chemotherapy for cancer treatment. This work reports on a generic constructing strategy to achieve the multiple stimuli-responsive theranostic of cancer simply by optimizing the chemical compositions of inorganic nanoplatforms to avoid the tedious and complicate synthetic procedure for traditional organic or organic/inorganic nanosystems. Based on the “breaking up” nature of manganese oxides and specific feature of carbonaceous framework to interact with aromatic drug molecules, manganese oxide nanoparticles were elaborately integrated into hollow mesoporous carbon nanocapsules by a simple in-situ framework redox strategy to realize the concurrent pH-sensitive T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pH-/HIFU-responsive on-demand drug releasing. The ultrasensitive disease-triggered MRI performance has been successfully demonstrated by a 52.5-folds increase of longitudinal relaxivity (r1 = 10.5 mM-1s-1) and on nude mice 4T1 xenograft. The pH- and HIFU-triggered doxorubicin releasing and enhanced therapeutic outcome against multidrug resistance of cancer cells were systematically confirmed. Especially, the fabricated inorganic composite nanocapsules were found to be featured with unique biological behaviours, such as antimetastasis effect, extremely low hemolysis against red blood cells and high in vivo histocompatibility. This report on the successful construction of pure inorganic nanosystem with multiple stimuli-responsivenesses may pave the new ways for the development of intelligent nanofamilies for cancer therapy.