Royal Society of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 46(17), p. 31023-31029, 2015
DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05554g
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Metal-aqua ion ([M(H2O)n]X+) formation is a fundamental step in mechanisms that are central to enzymatic and industrial catalysis. Past investigations of such ions have yielded a wealth of information regarding their properties, however questions still exist involving the exact structures of these complexes. A prominent example of this is hexaaqua copper (II) ([Cu(H2O)6]2+), with the solution versus gas-phase configurations under debate. The differences are often attributed to the intermolecular interactions between the bulk solvent and the aquated complex, resulting in structures stabilized by extended hydrogen-bonding networks. Yet solution phase systems are difficult to study due to the lack of atomic-level positional details. Crystalline solids are ideal models for comparative study, as they contain fixed structures that can be fully characterized using diffraction techniques. Here, crystalline copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4?5H2O), which contains two unique copper-water geometries, was studied