Homonotais a Neotropical genus of nocturnal lizards characterized by the following combination of characters: absence of femoral pores, infradigital lamellae not dilated, claws without sheath, inferior lamellae laterally not denticulate, and presence of a ceratobranchial groove. Currently the genus is composed of 10 species assembled in three groups: two groups with four species, and thefasciatagroup with only two species. Here, we analyzed genetic and morphologic data of samples ofHomonota fasciatafrom Paraguay; according to Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, the Paraguay population represents an undescribed species. Additionally, morphological analysis of the holotype ofH. fasciata(MNHN 6756) shows that it is morphologically different from the banded, large-scaledHomonotacommonly referred to as “H. fasciata”. Given the inconsistency between morphological characters of the name-bearing type ofH. fasciataand the species commonly referred to asH. fasciata, we consider them as different taxa. Thus,H. fasciatais aspecies inquirendawhich needs further studies, and we resurrect the nameH. horridafor the banded, large-scaledHomonota. The undescribed species from Paraguay is similar toH. horrida, but can be differentiated by the high position of the auditory meatus relative to the mouth commissure (vs. low position inH. horrida); and less developed tubercles on the sides of the head, including a narrow area between the orbit and the auditory meatus covered with small granular scales with or without few tubercles (vs. several big tubercles on the sides of the head even in the area between the orbit and the auditory meatus). The new species is distributed in the Dry Chaco in South America. With the formal description of this species, the actual diversity of the genusHomonotais increased to 12 species. Furthermore, we infer phylogenetic relationships for 11 of the 12 described species of the genus, based on 11 molecular markers (two mitochondrial and nine nuclear genes), with concatenated and species tree approaches.