Background: The speed of urbanization and rapid growth of health markets in urban Bangladesh have overwhelmed the capacity of government to regulate, plan or ensure quality or equity. Existing policy frameworks are ambiguous in defining responsibilities for urban health service provision between relevant ministries and government agencies. This study examines the configuration of urban health stakeholders around the provision of MNCH-FP among the urban poor. Method: Following document review and key informant interviews, a list of stakeholders was prepared, and stakeholder consultations through group and informal discussions were organized and conducted. Codes and data displays were created with the purpose of examining three levels of understanding: their specific roles and responsibilities vis-a -vis the health of the urban poor, their interrelations and power influence, and stakeholder engagement around addressing policy gaps. Results: Government, service providers, media and other civil society groups, donors and beneficiaries were identified as contributing to MNCH-FP in urban areas. Study findings suggest that there is absence of coordination among ministries though each ministry has an individual mandate to provide health services for poor people. Sensitization of media and other civil society groups is important in efforts to hold stakeholders accountable to the needs of the poorest. Perhaps most critical is the development of a long-term urban health strategy that engages private, NGO and public sectors, works across health related ministries, and anticipates the emerging health needs of urban citizens. Conclusion: Creating a dedicated governance structure on urban health with a mandate to coordinate among ministries and provide strategic leadership around implementation is needed, accompanied by supportive policy change.