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National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 13(114), p. 3457-3462, 2017

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620754114

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Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America

Journal article published in 2017 by Duane Froese ORCID, Mathias Stiller, Peter D. Heintzman ORCID, Alberto V. Reyes ORCID, Grant D. Zazula, André E. R. Soares ORCID, Matthias Meyer, Elizabeth Hall, Britta J. L. Jensen ORCID, Lee J. Arnold, Ross D. E. MacPhee ORCID, Beth Shapiro ORCID
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Significance The appearance of bison in North America is both ecologically and paleontologically significant. We analyzed mitochondrial DNA from the oldest known North American bison fossils to reveal that bison were present in northern North America by 195–135 thousand y ago, having entered from Asia via the Bering Land Bridge. After their arrival, bison quickly colonized much of the rest of the continent, where they rapidly diversified phenotypically, producing, for example, the giant long-horned morphotype Bison latifrons during the last interglaciation.