采用沉淀法合成6种不同掺杂方铅矿,并通过浮选实验考察杂质对方铅矿浮选性能的影响;采用微量热法测量含不同杂质原子的方铅矿表面吸附黄药的热力学和动力学参数;采用密度泛函理论对黄药分子在不同掺杂方铅矿表面的吸附构型和吸附能进行模拟计算。浮选实验结果表明：银、铋杂质能够显著提高方铅矿的回收率,而锌、锑、锰、铜杂质降低了方铅矿的浮选回收率。微量热动力学结果表明：含杂质方铅矿的吸附热与浮选回收率呈正比关系。黄药在含银和铋方铅矿表面的吸附热和反应速率常数均比纯方铅矿的大,对应的浮选回收率较高,而含铜和含锑方铅矿的吸附热和反应速率常数均比纯方铅矿的小,对应的浮选回收率较低。同时还分析了黄药在掺杂方铅矿表面的不饱和吸附热和黄药在杂质原子上的吸附能的关系。Six kinds of galena with different impurities were synthesized and the effects of impurities on the floatability of galena were investigated. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters on the galena surface were measured using microcalorimetry, and the adsorption configuration and energy of butyl xanthate on the surfaces of galena with different impurities were simulated by density functional theory. Flotation experiments showed that Ag and Bi significantly promoted the recovery of galena, while Zn, Sb, Mn, and Cu reduced the recovery of the flotation. Microthermokinetic results indicated that the absolute value of xanthate adsorption heat was directly proportional to the flotation recovery of galena. Adsorption heat and reaction rate coefficients of xanthate on galena containing Ag or Bi were larger than those on pure galena, but smaller on galena containing Cu or Sb. Additionally, the relationship between the heat of unsaturated adsorption of xanthate and the adsorption energy of impurity atom on galena surface was investigated. ; Projects(51464006,51164001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(GJR201147-12) supported by Guangxi Higher Education Institutes Talent Highland Innovation Team Scheme,China;Project(2012MDZD038) supported by the Key Scientific Research Project of Guangxi University for Nationalities,China