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Estudio, análisis y diseño de secciones permeables de firmes para vías urbanas con un comportamiento adecuado frente a la colmatación y con la capacidad portante necesaria para soportar tráficos ligeros

Thesis published in 2008 by Jorge Rodríguez Hernández ORCID
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Preprint: policy unknown
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Postprint: policy unknown
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Published version: policy unknown

Abstract

Pervious pavements are part of the trend of sustainable construction as one of the most complete Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). Pervious pavements are made up of several layers of construction materials that allow the passage of water through them, from surface to foundation, and on the whole offer the necessary bearing capacity to resist certain traffic. The classification of pervious pavements can be carried out attending to the surface type: permeable (concrete blocks and reinforced grass or gravel) or porous (porous asphalt and porous concrete); or attending to the infiltrated water management: infiltration to subsoil, storage or differed drainage. The pervious pavements main inconveniences are two: clogging, that endangers functionality, and materials degradation, that threatens durability. The new proposed pervious pavements sections have been obtained as a combination of two surface types: concrete blocks and porous asphalt; with two aggregate types used in the lower layers: quarry limestone and recycled from construction and demolition waste. The clogging resistance test with the Fixed Cantabrian Infiltrometer (FCI) has been developed to study the infiltration capacity in laboratory. The FCI is an effective tool for the characterization of different pervious pavements types, exposed to a known contribution of water, varying clogging conditions and slope. From the results obtained, it is observed that the best paving block geometry is the one with narrow and long slots, acting like a sieve, avoiding the silt entrance. Even this way, when the silt is compacted inside the slots, it is very difficult to recover the infiltration capacity of the pavement. On the other hand, the appropriate design of a pavement with porous asphalt is the one that guarantees a growing permeability with depth, with the surface as a filter to avoid the blockage in depth. In this way, the superficial sweeping allows recovering the initial permeability. The Portable Cantabrian Infiltrometer (PCI) has been developed to study the infiltration capacity in field. The PCI allows clearly identifying any type of surface, pervious or impervious, as well as its clogging level. Regarding the materials degradation, the affection of hydrocarbons leakages over porous asphalt has been analysed. The results indicate that an asphalt binder modified with polymers ensures a correct resistance to the expected hydrocarbons spills. Lastly, models of pervious pavements have been built in the FIDICA Laboratory and in the Santander Campus of the University of Cantabria, besides several experimental parking bays in La Guía, Gijón. These models have allowed to check how the porous asphalt pavements combined with recycled aggregates offer a greater lamination that the rest of the tested sections. Nevertheless, the design of pervious pavements should be specifically carried out for each location, being performed with the greatest possible quality control and counting with the appropriate maintenance to maximize their life span.