AbstractThe statistical analysis of behavioral data follows the collection and checking of the data, and is aimed at assessing the effect of treatments on the observed behaviors. In this unit, different behavioral tests and the response variables collected in each test are briefly described, to introduce a detailed description of the strategies for the analysis of such data. The main purpose of this unit is to enable the reader to choose the appropriate procedure for the statistical analysis, based on the type of data and experimental design adopted. Moreover, conditions for the application of the most common parametric and nonparametric tests for the comparison among groups in regard to the measures of location are also presented. Finally, some suggestions on the presentation of results coming from the different statistical analyses are given.