Based on morphological and ITS nrDNA sequence analyses, a species recognized in classical European literature as Lycoperdon capsulifer is transferred to Pisolithus and P. orientalis is proposed as a new species. Pisolithus orientalis basidiomes, collected under Pinus kesiya in Thailand, correspond to Pisolithus sp. 5 sensu Martin et al. Pisolithus sp. 4 sensu Martin et al. is shown to comprise two groups, one equivalent to P. arhizus as collected from Pinus and Quercus forests from Italy and Spain and the other represented by the new P. capsulifer from mixed pine-deciduous forests in England and France.