The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

‡., G. Navarra; de Mello, Wjm; Abreu, P.; Aglietta, M.; Ahn, Ej J.; Albuquerque, Ifm F. M.; de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui; Allard, D.; Allekotte, I.; Allen, J.; Allison, P.; de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues; Alvarez Castillo, J.; Alvarez-muñiz, J.; Ambrosio, M.; Aminaei, A.; Anchordoqui, L.; del Río, M.; Andringa, S.; Antičić, T.; Anzalone, A.; Aramo, C.; Šmída, R.; Arganda, E.; Arqueros, F.; Asorey, H.; Assis, P.; Aublin, J.; Zimbres Silva, M.; Ave, M.; Avenier, M.; Avila, G.; Bäcker, T.; Vázquez, J. R.; Balzer, M.; Barber, Kb B.; Barbosa, Af F.; Bardenet, R.; Vázquez, Ra A.; Barroso, Slc L. C.; Baughman, B.; Bäuml, J.; Beatty, Jj J.; Becker, Br R.; Junior, W. J. M. de Mello; Becker, Kh H.; Bellétoile, A.; Bellido, Ja A.; Benzvi, S.; Neto, J. R. T. de Mello; Berat, C.; Bertou, X.; Biermann, Pl L.; Billoir, P.; Blanco, F.; Del Río, M.; Blanco, M.; Bleve, C.; Blümer, H.; Bohácová, M.; Díaz Castro, Ml L.; Boncioli, D.; Bonifazi, C.; Bonino, R.; Borodai, N.; Ebr, Tj; Brack, J.; Brogueira, P.; Brown, Wc C.; Bruijn, R.; Buchholz, P.; Luis, P. Facal San; Bueno, A.; Burton, Re E.; Caballero-mora, Ks S.; Caramete, L.; Tapia, I. Fajardo; Caruso, R.; Castellina, A.; Catalano, O.; Cataldi, G.; Cazon, L.; Gámez, D. García; Cester, R.; Chauvin, J.; Cheng, Sh H.; Chiavassa, A.; Gómez Berisso, M.; Chinellato, Ja A.; Chou, A.; Chudoba, J.; Clay, Rw W.; San Luis, Pf; Coluccia, Mr R.; Conceição, R.; Contreras, F.; Cook, H.; Cooper, Mj J.; De Mello, W. J. M.; Coppens, J.; Cordier, A.; Cotti, U.; Coutu, S.; De Mello Neto, J. R. T.; Covault, Ce E.; Creusot, A.; Criss, A.; Cronin, J.; Curutiu, A.; De Vries, K. D.; Dagoret-campagne, S.; Dallier, R.; Dasso, S.; Daumiller, K.; Del Peral, L.; Dawson, Br R.; de Almeida, Rm M.; De Domenico, M.; De Donato, C.; Góra, D.; de Jong, Sj J.; De La Vega, G.; D&amp;rsquoolivo, J. C.; de Mello Neto, Jrt R. T.; De Mitri, I.; Froehlich, U.; de Souza, V.; de Vries, Kd D.; Decerprit, G.; Dos Anjos, Jc C.; Diaz Castro, Ml L.; Deligny, O.; Dembinski, H.; Dhital, N.; Di Giulio, C.; Diaz, Jc C.; De Jong, S. J.; D’olivo, J. C.; Diep, Pn N.; Dobrigkeit, C.; Docters, W.; Espadanal, J.; Hörandel, J. R.; Dong, Pn N.; Dorofeev, A.; dos Anjos, J. C.; D'Olivo, Jc C.; Dova, Mt T.; D’Urso, D.; Dutan, I.; Ebr, J.; Engel, R.; D'Urso, D.; Erdmann, M.; Escobar, Co O.; Etchegoyen, A.; Facal San Luis, P.; Gonçalves, P.; Fajardo Tapia, I.; Falcke, H.; Farrar, G.; Fauth, Ac C.; Fazzini, N.; Souza, Vitor De; Ferguson, Ap P.; Ferrero, A.; Fick, B.; Filevich, A.; Garc?'a Gámez, D.; Filipčič, A.; Fliescher, S.; Fracchiolla, Ce E.; Fraenkel, Ed D.; García, B.; Fröhlich, U.; Fuchs, B.; Gaior, R.; Gamarra, Rf F.; Gambetta, S.; García Gámez, D.; Garcı´a, B.; Garcı´a Gámez, D.; Garcia-pinto, D.; Gascon, A.; Garcia, B.; Gemmeke, H.; Gesterling, K.; Ghia, Pl L.; Giaccari, U.; Giller, M.; Kégl, B.; Glass, H.; Gold, M. S.; Golup, G.; Gomez Albarracin, F.; Díaz Castro, M. L.; Gómez Berisso, M.; Gonçalves, P.; Gonzalez, D.; Gonzalez, Jg G.; Gookin, B.; Góra, D.; Krömer, O.; Gorgi, A.; Gouffon, Philippe; Gozzini, S. R.; Albuquerque, Ivone Freire da Mota e.; Grashorn, E.; Grebe, S.; Griffith, N.; Grigat, M.; Hoerandel,; Grillo, Af F.; Guardincerri, Y.; Guarino, F.; Guedes, Gp P.; Guzman, A.; Gomez Berisso, M.; Hague, J. D.; Hansen, P.; Harari, D.; Harmsma, S.; Hrabovsk?, M.; Harton, Jl L.; Haungs, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heck, D.; Herve, Ae E.; Hojvat, C.; Hollon, N.; Gora, D.; Holmes, Vc C.; Homola, P.; Hörandel, J. R.; Josebachuili, M.; Horneffer, A.; Hrabovský, M.; Huege, T.; Insolia, A.; Ionita, F.; López, R.; Italiano, A.; Jarne, C.; Jiraskova, S.; Kadija, K.; Kampert, Kh H.; Karhan, P.; Kasper, P.; Kégl, B.; Keilhauer, B.; Keivani, A.; Kelley, Jl L.; Falcon, H. R. Marquez; Kemp, E.; Kieckhafer, Rm M.; Klages, Ho O.; Kleifges, M.; Kleinfeller, J.; Knapp, J.; Kroemer, O.; Koang, D.-H.; Kotera, K.; Krohm, N.; Krömer, O.; Van den Berg, A. M.; Kruppke-hansen, D.; Kuehn, F.; Kuempel, D.; Martínez Bravo, O.; Kulbartz, Jk K.; De Oliveira, Leigui; Kunka, N.; La Rosa, G.; Lachaud, C.; Veberi?, D.; Lautridou, P.; Leão, M. S. A. B.; Leão, Msab S. A. B.; Lebrun, D.; Lebrun, P.; Leigui de Oliveira, M. A.; Lemiere, A.; Letessier-selvon, A.; Lhenry-yvon, I.; Link, K.; López, R.; Lopez Agüera, A.; Louedec, K.; Lu, L.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Lucero, A.; Ludwig, M.; Lyberis, H.; Maccarone, Mc C.; Micanovic, S.; Macolino, C.; Maldera, S.; Mandat, D.; Mantsch, P.; Mariazzi, Ag G.; Marin, J.; Marin, V.; Maris, Ic C.; Marquez Falcon, Hr R.; Marsella, G.; Kegl, B.; Martello, D.; Martin, L.; Martinez, H.; Mueller, S.; Mathes, Hj J.; Mart?'nez Bravo, O.; Matthews, J.; Matthews, Jaj A. J.; Matthiae, G.; Maurizio, D.; Marini, J.; Mazur, Po O.; Medina-tanco, G.; Melissas, M.; Melo, D.; Menichetti, E.; Molina-bueno, L.; Menshikov, A.; Mertsch, P.; Meurer, C.; Mićanović, S.; Collaboration, Pierre Auger; Micheletti, Mi I.; Miller, W.; Miramonti, L.; Mollerach, S.; Baecker, T.; Monasor, M.; Monnier Ragaigne, D.; Montanet, F.; Morales, B.; Morello, C.; Lopez, R.; Moreno, E.; Moreno, Jc C.; Morris, C.; Mostafá, M.; Mitanovic, S.; Moura, Ca A.; Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk; Muller, M. A.; Müller, G.; Münchmeyer, M.; Neuser, J.; Mussa, R.; Navarra, G.; Navarro, Jl L.; Navas, S.; Baeuml, J.; Necesal, P.; Nellen, L.; Nelles, A.; Nhung, Pt T.; Ragaigne, Dm Monnier; Niemietz, L.; Nierstenhoefer, N.; Nitz, D.; Nosek, D.; Nožka, L.; Martinez Bravo, O.; Nyklicek, M.; Oehlschläger, J.; Olinto, A.; Oliva, P.; Belletoile, A.; Olmos-gilbaja, Vm M.; Ortiz, M.; Pacheco, N.; Pakk Selmi-dei, D.; Palatka, M.; Mueller, G.; Pallotta, J.; Palmieri, N.; Parente, G.; Parizot, E.; Muenchmeyer, M.; Parra, A.; Parsons, Rd D.; Pastor, S.; Paul, T.; Bluemer, H.; Pech, M.; Pe¸kala, J.; Pelayo, R.; Pepe, Im M.; Perrone, L.; Pękala, J.; Pesce, R.; Petermann, E.; Petrera, S.; Petrinca, P.; Nazka, L.; Petrolini, A.; Petrov, Y.; Petrovic, J.; Pfendner, C.; Phan, N.; Oehischlaeger, J.; Piegaia, R.; Pierog, T.; Pieroni, P.; Pimenta, M.; Martino, J. Rodriguez; Pirronello, V.; Platino, M.; Ponce, Vh H.; Pontz, M.; Pekala, J.; Privitera, P.; Prouza, M.; Quel, Ej J.; Querchfeld, S.; Rautenberg, J.; Rojo, J. Rodriguez; Ravel, O.; Ravignani, D.; Revenu, Benoît; Ridky, J.; Rodríguez-frías, M. D.; Riggi, S.; Risse, M.; Ristori, P.; Rivera, H.; Rizi, V.; Sánchez, F.; Roberts, J.; Robledo, C.; Rodrigues De Carvalho, W.; Rodriguez, G.; Rodriguez Cabo, I.; Rodriguez Martino, J.; Rodriguez Rojo, J.; Rodriguez-cabo, I.; Rodrı´guez-Frı´as, M. D.; Carvalho, W. Rodrigues de; Ros, G.; Rosado, J.; Rossler, T.; Roth, M.; Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, B.; Cold,; Roulet, E.; Rovero, Ac C.; Rühle, C.; Salamida, F.; Rossier, T.; Salazar, H.; Salina, G.; Sánchez, F.; Santander, M.; Santo, Ce E.; Lopez, H. H. Silva; Santos, E.; Santos, Em M.; Sarazin, F.; Sarkar, B.; Ruehle, C.; Sarkar, S.; Sato, R.; Scharf, N.; Scherini, V.; Smída, R.; Schieler, H.; Schiffer, P.; Schmidt, A.; Schmidt, F.; Schmidt, T.; T. Šuša, T.; Scholten, O.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Schovancova, J.; Schovánek, P.; Stanič, S.; Schröder, F.; Schulte, S.; Schuster, D.; Sciutto, S. J.; Scuderi, M.; Schovaneky, P.; Segreto, A.; Settimo, M.; Shadkam, A.; Shellard, Rc C.; Ruiz, C. G. Tavera; Sidelnik, I.; Sigl, G.; Silva Lopez, Hh H.; Śmiałkowski, A.; Schroeder, F.; Šmı´da, R.; Snow, Gr R.; Sommers, P.; Sorokin, J.; Spinka, H.; Scilltto, Sj; Squartini, R.; Stapleton, J.; Stasielak, J.; Stephan, M.; Smialkowski, A.; Strazzeri, E.; Stutz, A.; Suarez, F.; Suomijärvi, T.; Supanitsky, Ad D.; Peixoto, C. J. Todero; Šuša, T. T.; Sutherland, M. S.; Swain, J.; Szadkowski, Z.; Sanchez, F.; Szuba, M.; Tamashiro, A.; Tapia, A.; Tartare, M.; Galicia, J. F. Valdés; Taşcău, O.; Tavera Ruiz, Cg G.; Tcaciuc, R.; Tegolo, D.; Thao, Nt T.; Cárdenas, B. Vargas; Thomas, D.; Tiffenberg, J.; Timmermans, C.; Tiwari, Dk K.; Susa, T.; Tkaczyk, W.; Todero Peixoto, Cj J.; Tomé, B.; Tonachini, A.; Travnicek, P.; Taşcău, O.; Tridapalli, Db B.; Tristram, G.; Trovato, E.; Tueros, M.; Silva, M. Zimbres; Ulrich, R.; Unger, M.; Urban, M.; Valdés Galicia, Jf F.; Castillo, J. Alvarez; Valiño, I.; Valore, L.; van den Berg, Am M.; Varela, E.; Vargas Cárdenas, B.; Bäcker, T.; Vázquez, J. R.; Vázquez, R. A.; Veberič, D.; Verzi, V.; Bäuml, J.; Vicha, J.; Videla, M.; Villaseñor, L.; Wahlberg, H.; Wahrlich, P.; Castro, M. L. Díaz; Wainberg, O.; Warner, D.; Watson, Aa A.; Weber, M.; Anjos, J. C. dos; Weidenhaupt, K.; Weindl, A.; Westerhoff, S.; Whelan, Bj J.; Albarracin, F. Gomez; Wieczorek, G.; Wiencke, L.; Wilczyńska, B.; Wilczyński, H.; Will, M.; Berisso, M. Gómez; Williams, C.; Winchen, T.; Winders, L.; Winnick, Mg G.; Agüera, A. Lopez; Wommer, M.; Wundheiler, B.; Yamamoto, T.; Yapici, T.; Younk, P.; Bahilo, J. Lozano; Yuan, G.; Yushkov, A.; Zamorano, B.; Zas, E.; Agueera, A. Lopez; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.; Zaw, I.; Zepeda, A.; Bravo, O. Martínez; Ziolkowski, M.; Berg, A. M. van den

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Carla Aramo
‡. et al., 2011

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@article{‡.2011,
  abstract = {In this paper we introduce the concept of Lateral Trigger Probability (LTP) function, i.e., the probability for an extensive air shower (EAS) to trigger an individual detector of a ground based array as a function of distance to the shower axis, taking into account energy, mass and direction of the primary cosmic ray. We apply this concept to the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consisting of a 1.5 km spaced grid of about 1600 water Cherenkov stations. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ultra-high energy showers the LTP functions are derived for energies in the range between 10^{17} and 10^{19} eV and zenith angles up to 65 degs. A parametrization combining a step function with an exponential is found to reproduce them very well in the considered range of energies and zenith angles. The LTP functions can also be obtained from data using events simultaneously observed by the fluorescence and the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (hybrid events). We validate the Monte-Carlo results showing how LTP functions from data are in good agreement with simulations. ; Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures. Published in Astroparticle Physics},
  author = {‡., G. Navarra and de Mello, Wjm and Abreu, P. and Aglietta, M. and Ahn, Ej J. and Albuquerque, Ifm F. M. and de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui and Allard, D. and Allekotte, I. and Allen, J. and Allison, P. and de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues and Alvarez Castillo, J. and Alvarez-muñiz, J. and Ambrosio, M. and Aminaei, A. and Anchordoqui, L. and del Río, M. and Andringa, S. and Antičić, T. and Anzalone, A. and Aramo, C. and Šmída, R. and Arganda, E. and Arqueros, F. and Asorey, H. and Assis, P. and Aublin, J. and Zimbres Silva, M. and Ave, M. and Avenier, M. and Avila, G. and Bäcker, T. and Vázquez, J. R. and Balzer, M. and Barber, Kb B. and Barbosa, Af F. and Bardenet, R. and Vázquez, Ra A. and Barroso, Slc L. C. and Baughman, B. and Bäuml, J. and Beatty, Jj J. and Becker, Br R. and Junior, W. J. M. de Mello and Becker, Kh H. and Bellétoile, A. and Bellido, Ja A. and Benzvi, S. and Neto, J. R. T. de Mello and Berat, C. and Bertou, X. and Biermann, Pl L. and Billoir, P. and Blanco, F. and Del Río, M. and Blanco, M. and Bleve, C. and Blümer, H. and Bohácová, M. and Díaz Castro, Ml L. and Boncioli, D. and Bonifazi, C. and Bonino, R. and Borodai, N. and Ebr, Tj and Brack, J. and Brogueira, P. and Brown, Wc C. and Bruijn, R. and Buchholz, P. and Luis, P. Facal San and Bueno, A. and Burton, Re E. and Caballero-mora, Ks S. and Caramete, L. and Tapia, I. Fajardo and Caruso, R. and Castellina, A. and Catalano, O. and Cataldi, G. and Cazon, L. and Gámez, D. García and Cester, R. and Chauvin, J. and Cheng, Sh H. and Chiavassa, A. and Gómez Berisso, M. and Chinellato, Ja A. and Chou, A. and Chudoba, J. and Clay, Rw W. and San Luis, Pf and Coluccia, Mr R. and Conceição, R. and Contreras, F. and Cook, H. and Cooper, Mj J. and De Mello, W. J. M. and Coppens, J. and Cordier, A. and Cotti, U. and Coutu, S. and De Mello Neto, J. R. T. and Covault, Ce E. and Creusot, A. and Criss, A. and Cronin, J. and Curutiu, A. and De Vries, K. D. and Dagoret-campagne, S. and Dallier, R. and Dasso, S. and Daumiller, K. and Del Peral, L. and Dawson, Br R. and de Almeida, Rm M. and De Domenico, M. and De Donato, C. and Góra, D. and de Jong, Sj J. and De La Vega, G. and D&amp;rsquoolivo, J. C. and de Mello Neto, Jrt R. T. and De Mitri, I. and Froehlich, U. and de Souza, V. and de Vries, Kd D. and Decerprit, G. and Dos Anjos, Jc C. and Diaz Castro, Ml L. and Deligny, O. and Dembinski, H. and Dhital, N. and Di Giulio, C. and Diaz, Jc C. and De Jong, S. J. and D’olivo, J. C. and Diep, Pn N. and Dobrigkeit, C. and Docters, W. and Espadanal, J. and Hörandel, J. R. and Dong, Pn N. and Dorofeev, A. and dos Anjos, J. C. and D'Olivo, Jc C. and Dova, Mt T. and D’Urso, D. and Dutan, I. and Ebr, J. and Engel, R. and D'Urso, D. and Erdmann, M. and Escobar, Co O. and Etchegoyen, A. and Facal San Luis, P. and Gonçalves, P. and Fajardo Tapia, I. and Falcke, H. and Farrar, G. and Fauth, Ac C. and Fazzini, N. and Souza, Vitor De and Ferguson, Ap P. and Ferrero, A. and Fick, B. and Filevich, A. and Garc?'a Gámez, D. and Filipčič, A. and Fliescher, S. and Fracchiolla, Ce E. and Fraenkel, Ed D. and García, B. and Fröhlich, U. and Fuchs, B. and Gaior, R. and Gamarra, Rf F. and Gambetta, S. and García Gámez, D. and Garcı´a, B. and Garcı´a Gámez, D. and Garcia-pinto, D. and Gascon, A. and Garcia, B. and Gemmeke, H. and Gesterling, K. and Ghia, Pl L. and Giaccari, U. and Giller, M. and Kégl, B. and Glass, H. and Gold, M. S. and Golup, G. and Gomez Albarracin, F. and Díaz Castro, M. L. and Gómez Berisso, M. and Gonçalves, P. and Gonzalez, D. and Gonzalez, Jg G. and Gookin, B. and Góra, D. and Krömer, O. and Gorgi, A. and Gouffon, Philippe and Gozzini, S. R. and Albuquerque, Ivone Freire da Mota e. and Grashorn, E. and Grebe, S. and Griffith, N. and Grigat, M. and Hoerandel,  and Grillo, Af F. and Guardincerri, Y. and Guarino, F. and Guedes, Gp P. and Guzman, A. and Gomez Berisso, M. and Hague, J. D. and Hansen, P. and Harari, D. and Harmsma, S. and Hrabovsk?, M. and Harton, Jl L. and Haungs, A. and Hebbeker, T. and Heck, D. and Herve, Ae E. and Hojvat, C. and Hollon, N. and Gora, D. and Holmes, Vc C. and Homola, P. and Hörandel, J. R. and Josebachuili, M. and Horneffer, A. and Hrabovský, M. and Huege, T. and Insolia, A. and Ionita, F. and López, R. and Italiano, A. and Jarne, C. and Jiraskova, S. and Kadija, K. and Kampert, Kh H. and Karhan, P. and Kasper, P. and Kégl, B. and Keilhauer, B. and Keivani, A. and Kelley, Jl L. and Falcon, H. R. Marquez and Kemp, E. and Kieckhafer, Rm M. and Klages, Ho O. and Kleifges, M. and Kleinfeller, J. and Knapp, J. and Kroemer, O. and Koang, D.-H. and Kotera, K. and Krohm, N. and Krömer, O. and Van den Berg, A. M. and Kruppke-hansen, D. and Kuehn, F. and Kuempel, D. and Martínez Bravo, O. and Kulbartz, Jk K. and De Oliveira, Leigui and Kunka, N. and La Rosa, G. and Lachaud, C. and Veberi?, D. and Lautridou, P. and Leão, M. S. A. B. and Leão, Msab S. A. B. and Lebrun, D. and Lebrun, P. and Leigui de Oliveira, M. A. and Lemiere, A. and Letessier-selvon, A. and Lhenry-yvon, I. and Link, K. and López, R. and Lopez Agüera, A. and Louedec, K. and Lu, L. and Lozano Bahilo, J. and Lucero, A. and Ludwig, M. and Lyberis, H. and Maccarone, Mc C. and Micanovic, S. and Macolino, C. and Maldera, S. and Mandat, D. and Mantsch, P. and Mariazzi, Ag G. and Marin, J. and Marin, V. and Maris, Ic C. and Marquez Falcon, Hr R. and Marsella, G. and Kegl, B. and Martello, D. and Martin, L. and Martinez, H. and Mueller, S. and Mathes, Hj J. and Mart?'nez Bravo, O. and Matthews, J. and Matthews, Jaj A. J. and Matthiae, G. and Maurizio, D. and Marini, J. and Mazur, Po O. and Medina-tanco, G. and Melissas, M. and Melo, D. and Menichetti, E. and Molina-bueno, L. and Menshikov, A. and Mertsch, P. and Meurer, C. and Mićanović, S. and Collaboration, Pierre Auger and Micheletti, Mi I. and Miller, W. and Miramonti, L. and Mollerach, S. and Baecker, T. and Monasor, M. and Monnier Ragaigne, D. and Montanet, F. and Morales, B. and Morello, C. and Lopez, R. and Moreno, E. and Moreno, Jc C. and Morris, C. and Mostafá, M. and Mitanovic, S. and Moura, Ca A. and Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk and Muller, M. A. and Müller, G. and Münchmeyer, M. and Neuser, J. and Mussa, R. and Navarra, G. and Navarro, Jl L. and Navas, S. and Baeuml, J. and Necesal, P. and Nellen, L. and Nelles, A. and Nhung, Pt T. and Ragaigne, Dm Monnier and Niemietz, L. and Nierstenhoefer, N. and Nitz, D. and Nosek, D. and Nožka, L. and Martinez Bravo, O. and Nyklicek, M. and Oehlschläger, J. and Olinto, A. and Oliva, P. and Belletoile, A. and Olmos-gilbaja, Vm M. and Ortiz, M. and Pacheco, N. and Pakk Selmi-dei, D. and Palatka, M. and Mueller, G. and Pallotta, J. and Palmieri, N. and Parente, G. and Parizot, E. and Muenchmeyer, M. and Parra, A. and Parsons, Rd D. and Pastor, S. and Paul, T. and Bluemer, H. and Pech, M. and Pe¸kala, J. and Pelayo, R. and Pepe, Im M. and Perrone, L. and Pękala, J. and Pesce, R. and Petermann, E. and Petrera, S. and Petrinca, P. and Nazka, L. and Petrolini, A. and Petrov, Y. and Petrovic, J. and Pfendner, C. and Phan, N. and Oehischlaeger, J. and Piegaia, R. and Pierog, T. and Pieroni, P. and Pimenta, M. and Martino, J. Rodriguez and Pirronello, V. and Platino, M. and Ponce, Vh H. and Pontz, M. and Pekala, J. and Privitera, P. and Prouza, M. and Quel, Ej J. and Querchfeld, S. and Rautenberg, J. and Rojo, J. Rodriguez and Ravel, O. and Ravignani, D. and Revenu, Benoît and Ridky, J. and Rodríguez-frías, M. D. and Riggi, S. and Risse, M. and Ristori, P. and Rivera, H. and Rizi, V. and Sánchez, F. and Roberts, J. and Robledo, C. and Rodrigues De Carvalho, W. and Rodriguez, G. and Rodriguez Cabo, I. and Rodriguez Martino, J. and Rodriguez Rojo, J. and Rodriguez-cabo, I. and Rodrı´guez-Frı´as, M. D. and Carvalho, W. Rodrigues de and Ros, G. and Rosado, J. and Rossler, T. and Roth, M. and Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, B. and Cold,  and Roulet, E. and Rovero, Ac C. and Rühle, C. and Salamida, F. and Rossier, T. and Salazar, H. and Salina, G. and Sánchez, F. and Santander, M. and Santo, Ce E. and Lopez, H. H. Silva and Santos, E. and Santos, Em M. and Sarazin, F. and Sarkar, B. and Ruehle, C. and Sarkar, S. and Sato, R. and Scharf, N. and Scherini, V. and Smída, R. and Schieler, H. and Schiffer, P. and Schmidt, A. and Schmidt, F. and Schmidt, T. and T. Šuša, T. and Scholten, O. and Schoorlemmer, H. and Schovancova, J. and Schovánek, P. and Stanič, S. and Schröder, F. and Schulte, S. and Schuster, D. and Sciutto, S. J. and Scuderi, M. and Schovaneky, P. and Segreto, A. and Settimo, M. and Shadkam, A. and Shellard, Rc C. and Ruiz, C. G. Tavera and Sidelnik, I. and Sigl, G. and Silva Lopez, Hh H. and Śmiałkowski, A. and Schroeder, F. and Šmı´da, R. and Snow, Gr R. and Sommers, P. and Sorokin, J. and Spinka, H. and Scilltto, Sj and Squartini, R. and Stapleton, J. and Stasielak, J. and Stephan, M. and Smialkowski, A. and Strazzeri, E. and Stutz, A. and Suarez, F. and Suomijärvi, T. and Supanitsky, Ad D. and Peixoto, C. J. Todero and Šuša, T. T. and Sutherland, M. S. and Swain, J. and Szadkowski, Z. and Sanchez, F. and Szuba, M. and Tamashiro, A. and Tapia, A. and Tartare, M. and Galicia, J. F. Valdés and Taşcău, O. and Tavera Ruiz, Cg G. and Tcaciuc, R. and Tegolo, D. and Thao, Nt T. and Cárdenas, B. Vargas and Thomas, D. and Tiffenberg, J. and Timmermans, C. and Tiwari, Dk K. and Susa, T. and Tkaczyk, W. and Todero Peixoto, Cj J. and Tomé, B. and Tonachini, A. and Travnicek, P. and Taşcău, O. and Tridapalli, Db B. and Tristram, G. and Trovato, E. and Tueros, M. and Silva, M. Zimbres and Ulrich, R. and Unger, M. and Urban, M. and Valdés Galicia, Jf F. and Castillo, J. Alvarez and Valiño, I. and Valore, L. and van den Berg, Am M. and Varela, E. and Vargas Cárdenas, B. and Bäcker, T. and Vázquez, J. R. and Vázquez, R. A. and Veberič, D. and Verzi, V. and Bäuml, J. and Vicha, J. and Videla, M. and Villaseñor, L. and Wahlberg, H. and Wahrlich, P. and Castro, M. L. Díaz and Wainberg, O. and Warner, D. and Watson, Aa A. and Weber, M. and Anjos, J. C. dos and Weidenhaupt, K. and Weindl, A. and Westerhoff, S. and Whelan, Bj J. and Albarracin, F. Gomez and Wieczorek, G. and Wiencke, L. and Wilczyńska, B. and Wilczyński, H. and Will, M. and Berisso, M. Gómez and Williams, C. and Winchen, T. and Winders, L. and Winnick, Mg G. and Agüera, A. Lopez and Wommer, M. and Wundheiler, B. and Yamamoto, T. and Yapici, T. and Younk, P. and Bahilo, J. Lozano and Yuan, G. and Yushkov, A. and Zamorano, B. and Zas, E. and Agueera, A. Lopez and Zavrtanik, D. and Zavrtanik, M. and Zaw, I. and Zepeda, A. and Bravo, O. Martínez and Ziolkowski, M. and Berg, A. M. van den},
  doi = {10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.08.001},
  month = {dec},
  title = {The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory},
  url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.6645},
  year = {2011}
}

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The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Journal article published in 2011 by G. Navarra ‡., Wjm de Mello, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, Ej J. Ahn, Ifm F. M. Albuquerque, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, D. Allard, I. Allekotte, J. Allen, P. Allison, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-muñiz, M. Ambrosio and other authors. G. Navarra ‡., Wjm de Mello, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, Ej J. Ahn, Ifm F. M. Albuquerque, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, D. Allard, I. Allekotte, J. Allen, P. Allison, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-muñiz, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, L. Anchordoqui, M. del Río, S. Andringa, T. Antičić, A. Anzalone, C. Aramo

, R. Šmída, E. Arganda, F. Arqueros, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, M. Zimbres Silva, M. Ave, M. Avenier, G. Avila, T. Bäcker, J. R. Vázquez, M. Balzer, Kb B. Barber, Af F. Barbosa, R. Bardenet, Ra A. Vázquez, Slc L. C. Barroso, B. Baughman, J. Bäuml, Jj J. Beatty, Br R. Becker, W. J. M. de Mello Junior, Kh H. Becker, A. Bellétoile, Ja A. Bellido, S. Benzvi, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, C. Berat, X. Bertou, Pl L. Biermann, P. Billoir, F. Blanco

, M. Del Río, M. Blanco, C. Bleve, H. Blümer, M. Bohácová, Ml L. Díaz Castro, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, R. Bonino

, N. Borodai, Tj Ebr, J. Brack, P. Brogueira, Wc C. Brown, R. Bruijn, P. Buchholz, P. Facal San Luis, A. Bueno, Re E. Burton, Ks S. Caballero-mora, L. Caramete, I. Fajardo Tapia, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, O. Catalano

, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, D. García Gámez, R. Cester, J. Chauvin, Sh H. Cheng, A. Chiavassa, M. Gómez Berisso, Ja A. Chinellato, A. Chou, J. Chudoba, Rw W. Clay, Pf San Luis, Mr R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, F. Contreras, H. Cook, Mj J. Cooper, W. J. M. De Mello, J. Coppens, A. Cordier, U. Cotti, S. Coutu, J. R. T. De Mello Neto, Ce E. Covault, A. Creusot, A. Criss, J. Cronin, A. Curutiu, K. D. De Vries, S. Dagoret-campagne, R. Dallier, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, L. Del Peral, Br R. Dawson, Rm M. de Almeida, M. De Domenico, C. De Donato, D. Góra, Sj J. de Jong, G. De La Vega, J. C. D&rsquoolivo, Jrt R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, U. Froehlich, V. de Souza, Kd D. de Vries, G. Decerprit, Jc C. Dos Anjos, Ml L. Diaz Castro, O. Deligny, H. Dembinski, N. Dhital

, C. Di Giulio, Jc C. Diaz, S. J. De Jong, J. C. D’olivo, Pn N. Diep, C. Dobrigkeit, W. Docters, J. Espadanal, J. R. Hörandel, Pn N. Dong, A. Dorofeev, J. C. dos Anjos, Jc C. D'Olivo, Mt T. Dova, D. D’Urso, I. Dutan, J. Ebr, R. Engel, D. D'Urso, M. Erdmann, Co O. Escobar, A. Etchegoyen, P. Facal San Luis, P. Gonçalves, I. Fajardo Tapia, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, Ac C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, Vitor De Souza, Ap P. Ferguson, A. Ferrero, B. Fick, A. Filevich, D. Garc?'a Gámez, A. Filipčič, S. Fliescher, Ce E. Fracchiolla, Ed D. Fraenkel, B. García, U. Fröhlich, B. Fuchs, R. Gaior, Rf F. Gamarra, S. Gambetta, D. García Gámez, B. Garcı´a, D. Garcı´a Gámez, D. Garcia-pinto, A. Gascon, B. Garcia, H. Gemmeke, K. Gesterling, Pl L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giller, B. Kégl, H. Glass, M. S. Gold, G. Golup, F. Gomez Albarracin, M. L. Díaz Castro, M. Gómez Berisso, P. Gonçalves, D. Gonzalez, Jg G. Gonzalez, B. Gookin, D. Góra, O. Krömer, A. Gorgi, Philippe Gouffon, S. R. Gozzini, Ivone Freire da Mota e. Albuquerque, E. Grashorn, S. Grebe, N. Griffith, M. Grigat, Hoerandel, Af F. Grillo, Y. Guardincerri, F. Guarino, Gp P. Guedes, A. Guzman, M. Gomez Berisso, J. D. Hague, P. Hansen, D. Harari, S. Harmsma, M. Hrabovsk?, Jl L. Harton, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, Ae E. Herve, C. Hojvat, N. Hollon, D. Gora, Vc C. Holmes, P. Homola, J. R. Hörandel, M. Josebachuili, A. Horneffer, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, F. Ionita, R. López, A. Italiano, C. Jarne, S. Jiraskova, K. Kadija, Kh H. Kampert, P. Karhan, P. Kasper, B. Kégl, B. Keilhauer, A. Keivani, Jl L. Kelley, H. R. Marquez Falcon, E. Kemp, Rm M. Kieckhafer, Ho O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, J. Knapp, O. Kroemer, D.-H. Koang, K. Kotera, N. Krohm, O. Krömer, A. M. Van den Berg, D. Kruppke-hansen, F. Kuehn, D. Kuempel, O. Martínez Bravo, Jk K. Kulbartz, Leigui De Oliveira, N. Kunka, G. La Rosa, C. Lachaud, D. Veberi?, P. Lautridou, M. S. A. B. Leão, Msab S. A. B. Leão, D. Lebrun, P. Lebrun, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, A. Lemiere, A. Letessier-selvon, I. Lhenry-yvon, K. Link, R. López, A. Lopez Agüera, K. Louedec, L. Lu, J. Lozano Bahilo, A. Lucero, M. Ludwig, H. Lyberis, Mc C. Maccarone

, S. Micanovic, C. Macolino, S. Maldera

, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, Ag G. Mariazzi, J. Marin, V. Marin, Ic C. Maris, Hr R. Marquez Falcon, G. Marsella, B. Kegl, D. Martello, L. Martin, H. Martinez, S. Mueller, Hj J. Mathes, O. Mart?'nez Bravo, J. Matthews, Jaj A. J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, D. Maurizio, J. Marini, Po O. Mazur, G. Medina-tanco, M. Melissas, D. Melo, E. Menichetti, L. Molina-bueno, A. Menshikov, P. Mertsch, C. Meurer, S. Mićanović, Pierre Auger Collaboration, Mi I. Micheletti, W. Miller, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, T. Baecker, M. Monasor, D. Monnier Ragaigne, F. Montanet, B. Morales, C. Morello, R. Lopez, E. Moreno, Jc C. Moreno, C. Morris, M. Mostafá, S. Mitanovic, Ca A. Moura, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, M. A. Muller, G. Müller, M. Münchmeyer, J. Neuser, R. Mussa, G. Navarra, Jl L. Navarro, S. Navas, J. Baeuml, P. Necesal, L. Nellen, A. Nelles, Pt T. Nhung, Dm Monnier Ragaigne, L. Niemietz, N. Nierstenhoefer, D. Nitz, D. Nosek

, L. Nožka, O. Martinez Bravo, M. Nyklicek, J. Oehlschläger, A. Olinto, P. Oliva, A. Belletoile, Vm M. Olmos-gilbaja, M. Ortiz, N. Pacheco, D. Pakk Selmi-dei, M. Palatka, G. Mueller, J. Pallotta, N. Palmieri, G. Parente, E. Parizot, M. Muenchmeyer, A. Parra, Rd D. Parsons, S. Pastor, T. Paul, H. Bluemer, M. Pech, J. Pe¸kala, R. Pelayo, Im M. Pepe, L. Perrone, J. Pękala

, R. Pesce, E. Petermann, S. Petrera, P. Petrinca, L. Nazka, A. Petrolini, Y. Petrov, J. Petrovic, C. Pfendner, N. Phan, J. Oehischlaeger, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, J. Rodriguez Martino, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, Vh H. Ponce, M. Pontz, J. Pekala, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, Ej J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, J. Rodriguez Rojo, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, Benoît Revenu, J. Ridky, M. D. Rodríguez-frías, S. Riggi

, M. Risse, P. Ristori, H. Rivera, V. Rizi

, F. Sánchez, J. Roberts, C. Robledo, W. Rodrigues De Carvalho, G. Rodriguez, I. Rodriguez Cabo, J. Rodriguez Martino, J. Rodriguez Rojo, I. Rodriguez-cabo, M. D. Rodrı´guez-Frı´as, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, G. Ros, J. Rosado, T. Rossler, M. Roth, B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, Cold, E. Roulet, Ac C. Rovero, C. Rühle, F. Salamida

, T. Rossier, H. Salazar, G. Salina, F. Sánchez, M. Santander, Ce E. Santo, H. H. Silva Lopez, E. Santos, Em M. Santos, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, C. Ruehle, S. Sarkar, R. Sato, N. Scharf, V. Scherini

, R. Smída, H. Schieler, P. Schiffer, A. Schmidt, F. Schmidt, T. Schmidt, T. T. Šuša, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Schovancova, P. Schovánek, S. Stanič, F. Schröder, S. Schulte, D. Schuster, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scuderi, P. Schovaneky, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, Rc C. Shellard, C. G. Tavera Ruiz, I. Sidelnik, G. Sigl, Hh H. Silva Lopez, A. Śmiałkowski, F. Schroeder, R. Šmı´da, Gr R. Snow, P. Sommers, J. Sorokin, H. Spinka, Sj Scilltto, R. Squartini, J. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, M. Stephan, A. Smialkowski, E. Strazzeri, A. Stutz, F. Suarez, T. Suomijärvi, Ad D. Supanitsky, C. J. Todero Peixoto, T. T. Šuša, M. S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Z. Szadkowski, F. Sanchez, M. Szuba, A. Tamashiro, A. Tapia, M. Tartare, J. F. Valdés Galicia, O. Taşcău, Cg G. Tavera Ruiz, R. Tcaciuc, D. Tegolo, Nt T. Thao, B. Vargas Cárdenas, D. Thomas, J. Tiffenberg, C. Timmermans, Dk K. Tiwari, T. Susa, W. Tkaczyk, Cj J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, P. Travnicek, O. Taşcău, Db B. Tridapalli, G. Tristram, E. Trovato, M. Tueros, M. Zimbres Silva, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, Jf F. Valdés Galicia, J. Alvarez Castillo, I. Valiño, L. Valore, Am M. van den Berg, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, T. Bäcker, J. R. Vázquez, R. A. Vázquez, D. Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Bäuml, J. Vicha, M. Videla, L. Villaseñor, H. Wahlberg, P. Wahrlich, M. L. Díaz Castro, O. Wainberg, D. Warner, Aa A. Watson, M. Weber, J. C. dos Anjos, K. Weidenhaupt, A. Weindl, S. Westerhoff, Bj J. Whelan, F. Gomez Albarracin, G. Wieczorek, L. Wiencke, B. Wilczyńska, H. Wilczyński, M. Will, M. Gómez Berisso, C. Williams, T. Winchen, L. Winders, Mg G. Winnick, A. Lopez Agüera, M. Wommer, B. Wundheiler, T. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, P. Younk, J. Lozano Bahilo, G. Yuan, A. Yushkov, B. Zamorano, E. Zas, A. Lopez Agueera, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Zaw, A. Zepeda, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Ziolkowski, A. M. van den Berg

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Abstract

In this paper we introduce the concept of Lateral Trigger Probability (LTP) function, i.e., the probability for an extensive air shower (EAS) to trigger an individual detector of a ground based array as a function of distance to the shower axis, taking into account energy, mass and direction of the primary cosmic ray. We apply this concept to the surface array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consisting of a 1.5 km spaced grid of about 1600 water Cherenkov stations. Using Monte Carlo simulations of ultra-high energy showers the LTP functions are derived for energies in the range between 10^{17} and 10^{19} eV and zenith angles up to 65 degs. A parametrization combining a step function with an exponential is found to reproduce them very well in the considered range of energies and zenith angles. The LTP functions can also be obtained from data using events simultaneously observed by the fluorescence and the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory (hybrid events). We validate the Monte-Carlo results showing how LTP functions from data are in good agreement with simulations. ; Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures. Published in Astroparticle Physics

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The Lateral Trigger Probability function for the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Showers detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Abstract