We present results from a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays $B\to K\ell^+\ell^-$ and $B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-$, where $\ell^+\ell^-$ is either an $e^+e^-$ or $μ^+μ^-$ pair. The data sample comprises $22.7\times 10^6$ $ϒ(4S)\to B\bar B$ decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II $B$ Factory. We obtain the 90% C.L. upper limits ${\mathcal B}(B\to K\ell^+\ell^-)< 0.50\times 10^{-6}$ and ${\mathcal B}(B\to K^*\ell^+\ell^-)<2.9\times 10^{-6}$, close to Standard Model predictions for these branching fractions. We have also obtained limits on the lepton-family-violating decays $B\to Ke^{±}μ^{∓}$ and $B\to K^{*}e^{±}μ^{∓}$.