Background and aims: Families in rural Australia are at higher risk of preterm birth and have poorer access to health services. This paper reviews the literature on parenting premature infants and asks why so few studies examine the experiences of rurally residing parents. Methods: CINAHL, Medline, Embase and the Maternity and Infant Care databases were searched and articles were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The literature search returned 17,237 articles, of which 23 met the inclusion criteria. One article examined experiences of rurally residing parents and no articles included Indigenous Australians. The following four themes emerged: The NICU environment, detailed parents' need to adjust to the NICU environment before they focus on their child. Connectedness, described connections parents develop to cope. Fragility refers to parents' perception of their premature infant as fragile and their fragile confidence in their parenting ability. Touch described the importance of touch and the distress caused by restriction of touch. Conclusions: The evidence describing parenting a premature infant lacks accounts of different socio-economic and cultural groups, particularly rural families and Indigenous Australians. Implications for clinical practice: Despite facing additional challenges accessing specialist care and local follow-up services, little is known about the experiences of rural parents.