Two dimensional (2D) materials, e.g. graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus (BP), have demonstrated fascinating electrical and optical characteristics and exhibited great potential in optoelectronic applications. High performance and multifunctional devices were achieved by employing diverse designs of architectures, such as hybrid systems with nanostructured materials, bulk semiconductors and organics, forming 2D heterostructures. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent progresses of 2D materials in high responsive photodetectors, light-emitting devices and single photon emitters. Hybrid systems and van der Waals heterostructures based devices are emphasized, which exhibit great potential in state-of-the-art applications. ; Comment: 31 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Chinese Physics B