Published in

Nature Research, Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2(10), p. 150-156, 2012

DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2712

Links

Tools

Export citation

Search in Google Scholar

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: the trouble with immunity when you had none

Journal article published in 2012 by Daniel L. Barber ORCID, Bruno B. Andrade, Irini Sereti, Alan Sher
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

Full text: Download

Green circle
Preprint: archiving allowed
Upload
Orange circle
Postprint: archiving restricted
Upload
Red circle
Published version: archiving forbidden
Policy details
Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Some individuals who are infected with HIV rapidly deteriorate shortly after starting antiretroviral therapy, despite effective viral suppression. This reaction, referred to as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), is characterized by tissue-destructive inflammation and arises as CD4(+) T cells re-emerge. It has been proposed that IRIS is caused by a dysregulation of the expanding population of CD4(+) T cells specific for a co-infecting opportunistic pathogen. Here, we argue that IRIS instead results from hyper-responsiveness of the innate immune system to T cell help, a mechanism that may be shared by the many manifestations of IRIS that occur following the reversal of other types of immunosuppression in pathogen-infected hosts.