We contribute to scholarly understanding of lawn fertilization behavior by formulating and testing models of fertilization and fertilization frequency that incorporate a wide range of human and structural influences. Specifically, we explore the impact of (a) structural/environmental aspects, (b) sociodemographics, and (c) attitudes and beliefs (informal norms, knowledge, environmental concerns, yard motivations, perceived ability regarding fertilization practices). We use survey data from a sample of 942 residents within the Minneapolis/Saint Paul, Minnesota metropolitan area. Our results indicate that fertilization is not driven by one overriding factor but by a combination of factors. Specifically, we show significant effects from a range of structural aspects (lot size, location, use of a professional lawn service), sociodemographics (home value), norms (perceived neighbor effects), knowledge (perceived positive/negative aspects of fertilization), and perceived ability. We also explore the urban/suburban divide and show higher fertilization stemming from suburban households.