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American Society for Microbiology, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2(27), p. 346-370, 2014

DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00105-13

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Genital Chlamydia trachomatis: Understanding the Roles of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Vaccine Research

Journal article published in 2014 by Sam Vasilevsky, Gilbert Greub ORCID, Denise Nardelli-Haefliger ORCID, David Baud
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

SUMMARY Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted disease worldwide, and despite significant advances in chlamydial research, a prophylactic vaccine has yet to be developed. This Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium, which often causes asymptomatic infection, may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancies, scarring of the fallopian tubes, miscarriage, and infertility when left untreated. In the genital tract, Chlamydia trachomatis infects primarily epithelial cells and requires Th1 immunity for optimal clearance. This review first focuses on the immune cells important in a chlamydial infection. Second, we summarize the research and challenges associated with developing a chlamydial vaccine that elicits a protective Th1-mediated immune response without inducing adverse immunopathologies.