Objective. The objective of this study was to compare typical patient radiation dose delivered in implant imaging with spiral computed tomography (CT), conventional spiral tomography, and cone-beam CT (CBCT). Study design. The Scanora ( Orion Corporation Soredex, Helsinki, Finland), Spiral HiSpeed/Fxi ( General Electric, Milwaukee, WI), and Classic iCAT ( Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA) units were selected to represent conventional spiral tomography, spiral CT, and CBCT, respectively. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used in a Rando phantom to measure radiation-absorbed doses to the lenses, parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual gland, and the thyroid for maxillary and mandibular implant imaging techniques. Results. Spiral CT delivered the highest absorbed dose, whereas CBCT delivered the lowest in both maxillary and mandibular implant scans. The salivary glands received the highest absorbed doses. Scanora delivered lower radiation doses than CBCT when the anterior region of the maxilla or mandible was irradiated. Conclusion. In implant imaging, CT delivers the highest radiation dose to the salivary glands, whereas the CBCT system studied delivers the lowest dose. Irrespective of imaging modality, during implant imaging as conducted for this study, salivary glands receive most radiation. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 107: 559-565) ; Department of Health Technology and Informatics