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American Physical Society, Physical Review Letters, 2(91), 2003

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.027901

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Classical and quantum communication without a shared reference frame

Journal article published in 2003 by Stephen D. Bartlett ORCID, Terry Rudolph, Robert W. Spekkens
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This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

We show that communication without a shared reference frame is possible using entangled states. We prove that the amount of classical information that can be communicated without a shared reference frame asymptotically approaches one classical bit per qubit sent, and that the number of encoded qubits which can be communicated per transmitted qubit also asymptotically approaches unity. We present an optical scheme to communicate classical bits without a shared reference frame using entangled photon pairs and linear optical Bell state measurements.