Abstract The study goal was to examine the relationship between nab-paclitaxel delivery and SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) expression in pancreatic tumor xenografts and to determine the antistromal effect of nab-paclitaxel, which may affect tumor vascular perfusion. SPARC-positive and -negative mice bearing Panc02 tumor xenografts (n = 5–6/group) were injected with IRDye 800CW (IR800)-labeled nab-paclitaxel. After 24 hours, tumors were collected and stained with DL650-labeled anti-SPARC antibody, and the correlation between nab-paclitaxel and SPARC distributions was examined. Eight groups of mice bearing either Panc039 or Panc198 patient-derived xenografts (PDX; 4 groups/model, 5 animals/group) were untreated (served as control) or treated with gemcitabine (100 mg/kg body weight, i.p., twice per week), nab-paclitaxel (30 mg/kg body weight, i.v., for 5 consecutive days), and these agents in combination, respectively, for 3 weeks, and tumor volume and perfusion changes were assessed using T2-weighted MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, respectively. All tumors were collected and stained with Masson's Trichrome Stain, followed by a blinded comparative analysis of tumor stroma density. IR800-nab-paclitaxel was mainly distributed in tumor stromal tissue, but nab-paclitaxel and SPARC distributions were minimally correlated in either SPARC-positive or -negative animals. Nab-paclitaxel treatment neither decreased tumor stroma nor increased tumor vascular perfusion in either PDX model when compared with control groups. These data suggest that the specific tumor delivery of nab-paclitaxel is not directly related to SPARC expression, and nab-paclitaxel does not deplete tumor stroma in general. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 680–8. ©2016 AACR.