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Oxford University Press (OUP), The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4(200), p. 619-623

DOI: 10.1086/600107

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Association of Interleukin-15–Induced Peripheral Immune Activation with Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation in Persons Coinfected with Hepatitis C Virus and HIV

Journal article published in 2009 by Robert D. Allison ORCID, Antonios Katsounas, Deloris E. Koziol, David E. Kleiner, Harvey J. Alter, Richard A. Lempicki, Brad Wood ORCID, Jun Yang, Brandie Fullmer, Karoll J. Cortez, Michael A. Polis, Shyam Kottilil
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) mediate hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related liver fibrosis, and increased HSC activation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV coinfection may be associated with accelerated fibrosis. We examined the level of HSC activation in HIV/HCV-coinfected and HCV-monoinfected subjects and its relationship to the level of activation and gene expression of peripheral immune cells in coinfected subjects. HSC activation levels positively correlated with peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cell immune activation and were associated with enhanced interleukin-15 (IL-15) gene expression, suggesting a pathogenic role for IL-15–driven immunomediated hepatic fibrosis. Future strategies that reduce immune activation and HSC activation may delay progression of liver fibrosis.