A controlled-source time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) sounding survey was completed on the lower portion of the East Rift of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (locally known as the Puna area) during the summer of 1974 as part of the geophysical task of the Hawaii Geothermal Project. Interpretations as obtained by a layered-earth TDEM inversion computer program are presented. Interpretations in terms of layered half-space models can be used to localize low-resistivity zones vertically as well as horizontally. The results show that much of the area is underlain by an anomalously conductive zone at depths of 250 to 1300 below sea level. Twenty-four TDEM soundings were attempted in the area using four different grounded wire current sources and a 42-conductor, horizontal loop sensor. The TDEM sounding data were in the form of voltages (proportional to the time derivative of the induced magnetic field) measured at discrete times after a break in the source current. Seventeen of the soundings are interpreted here.