Pear, the third most important temperate fruit species after grape and apple, belongs to the subfamily Pomoideae in the family Rosaceae. The majority of cultivated pears are functional diploids (2n = 34). The Pyrus genus is genetically diverse with thousands of cultivars, but it can be divided into two major groups, Occidental pears (European pears) and Oriental pears (Asiatic pears). We sequenced the genome to a depth of approximately 107 X with short reads from a series of libraries with various insert sizes ( 170bp, 500bp, 800bp, 2kb, 5kb, 10kb, 20kb and 40kb) on a HiSeq 2000 sequencer.The assembled scaffolds of high quality sequences total 57 Gb. We identified 42,812 protein-coding genes.