Serum troponin I (TnI) is a sensitive marker of cardiac injury. A relation between elevated TnI and mortality has been suggested. In this retrospective chart review of 221 patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) during a 6-month period, the authors studied the use of admission TnI levels in predicting mortality in MICU-admitted patients. Data retrieved included demographics, admission diagnosis, troponin, electrocardiogram, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, echocardiogram, requirements for mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support, development of multiorgan failure, mortality, and discharge disposition. There were 132 patients for whom TnI level was sent within 24 hours of admission; these patients comprised the study group. The median age was 70 years; 59% were female. The mean APACHE II score was 22. Troponin I was positive in 31% of patients (median level, 0.4 Ug/L; range 0-358 Ug/L). The hospital mortality was 39%. Positive TnI showed a weak association with intensive care unit (ICU) mortality ( P= .049) but not with overall mortality. There was no significant correlation between admission TnI concentration and APACHE II score ( P= .33), administration of vasopressor medications ( P= .115), or development of multiorgan failure ( P= .64). The authors concluded that there is no benefit in obtaining a routine admission troponin level in MICU patients when an acute coronary event is not suspected.