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The SWELLS survey - III. Disfavouring 'heavy' initial mass functions for spiral lens galaxies

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

We present gravitational lens models for 20 strong gravitational lens systems observed as part of the Sloan WFC Edge-on Late-type Lens Survey (SWELLS) project. Fifteen of the lenses are taken from paper I while five are newly discovered systems. The systems are galaxy-galaxy lenses where the foreground deflector has an inclined disc, with a wide range of morphological types, from late-type spiral to lenticular. For each system, we compare the total mass inside the critical curve inferred from gravitational lens modelling to the stellar mass inferred from stellar population synthesis (SPS) models, computing the stellar mass fraction f* = M(SPS)/M(lens). We find that, for the lower mass SWELLS systems, adoption of a Salpeter stellar initial mass function (IMF) leads to estimates of f* that exceed 1. This is unphysical, and provides strong evidence against the Salpeter IMF being valid for these systems. Taking the lower mass end of the SWELLS sample sigma(SIE)