Oxford University Press, FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2(342), p. 79-88, 2013
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Streptomycetes comprise very important industrial bacteria, producing two thirds of all clinically relevant secondary metabolites. They are mycelial microorganisms with complex developmental cycles that include programmed cell death (PCD) and sporulation. Industrial fermentations are usually performed in liquid cultures (large bioreactors), conditions in which Streptomyces strains generally do not sporulate and it was traditionally assumed that there was no differentiation. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art regarding Streptomyces pre-sporulation stages of Streptomyces differentiation. © 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.