ObjectiveUterine carcinosarcoma (CS) is a rare neoplasm whose adjuvant treatment has not been yet defined. We report on the activity and toxicity of cisplatin-ifosfamide and carboplatin-paclitaxel as adjuvant treatments for patients with uterine CS.MethodsData of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I to IV uterine CS patients treated between 2006 and 2012 with adjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin 20 mg/mq and ifosfamide 1500 mg/mq day 1 to 4 every 3 weeks plus prophylactic Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support [group A] or carboplatin area under the curve -5 (AUC-5) and paclitaxel 175 mg/mq d1q21 [group B]) were retrospectively reviewed. Progression-free survival, overall survival, and chemotherapy-related toxicities were compared between the 2 groups. A subanalysis of oncologic outcomes according to the sarcomatous component (homologous vs heterologous) was performed.ResultsForty-six women were evaluated—21 in group A and 25 in group B. At a median follow-up of 30 months, the median progression-free survival was 11.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.3–16.9) and 16.6 months (95% CI, 14.7–18.5) for group A and B, respectively (P= 0.20). The median overall survival was 17.1 months (95% CI, 12.6–21.5) and 35.1 months (95% CI, 26.3–43.7) for group A and B, respectively (P= 0.14). No differences were identified among heterologous or homologous components according to chemotherapy treatment. Toxicity profiles widely differ between treatment arms.ConclusionsBecause of the super imposable activity and the better toxicity profile, carboplatin-paclitaxel may be a suitable alternative to cisplatin-ifosfamide in the treatment of uterine CS.