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National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 34(107), p. 15123-15128, 2010

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1004432107

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Caloric restriction or catalase inactivation extends yeast chronological lifespan by inducing H <sub>2</sub> O <sub>2</sub> and superoxide dismutase activity

Journal article published in 2010 by Ana Mesquita, Martin Weinberger, Alexandra Silva, Belém Sampaio-Marques ORCID, Bruno Almeida, Cecília Leão, Vítor Costa, Fernando Rodrigues, William C. Burhans, Paula Ludovico
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

The free radical theory of aging posits oxidative damage to macromolecules as a primary determinant of lifespan. Recent studies challenge this theory by demonstrating that in some cases, longevity is enhanced by inactivation of oxidative stress defenses or is correlated with increased, rather than decreased reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage. Here we show that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , caloric restriction or inactivation of catalases extends chronological lifespan by inducing elevated levels of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, which activate superoxide dismutases that inhibit the accumulation of superoxide anions. Increased hydrogen peroxide in catalase-deficient cells extends chronological lifespan despite parallel increases in oxidative damage. These findings establish a role for hormesis effects of hydrogen peroxide in promoting longevity that have broad implications for understanding aging and age-related diseases.