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Survival benefit from palliative treatment in patients with advanced prostate cancer: A selected review

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

There is promising but limited data suggesting a survival benefit of palliative care in prostate cancer. We performed a selected review of randomized controlled trials examining the impact of various palliative treatments on overall survival among patients with advanced prostate cancer. A search was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central. Using Review Manager Version 5.3, the results of overall one-year and five-year mortalities were expressed as risk ratios (RR), alongside of their corresponding confidence intervals (CIs). Our search strategy identified 1,108 studies. Of these, we included 8 studies containing 4,699 patients for analysis. Palliative treatments included androgen deprivation or other hormonal-therapy (n = 4), radiotherapy (n = 3), radiopharmaceuticals (n = 2), bisphosphonates (n = 2), and glucocorticoids (n = 1). Multiple studies (n = 5) combined treatments. Our meta-analysis showed that palliative interventions significantly improved one-year mortality (RR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.86; p<0.00001), but did not significantly improve five-year mortality (RR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.6-1.22; p = 0.41), when compared to control cohorts. One-year and five-year mortality were the lowest in patients who received radiotherapy combined with hormonal-therapy. In closing, palliative interventions may improve short-term survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Due to the limited number of studies examining survival in advanced prostate cancer patients receiving palliative care, more studies with longer followup are needed to fully assess the potential long-term survival benefit of palliative interventions.