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BioMed Central, Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 1(5), 2016

DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0117-x

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Patients direct costs to undergo TB diagnosis

Journal article published in 2016 by Lovett Lawson, Rachel M. Anderson de Cuevas, Najla Al-Sonboli, Nasher Al-Aghbari, Isabel Arbide, Jeevan B. Sherchand, Abraham Aseffa ORCID, Emenyonu E. Nnamdi, Mohammed A. Yassin, Saddiq T. Abdurrahman, Joshua Obasanya, Oladimeji Olanrewaju, Daniel Datiko, Sally J. Theobald, Andrew Ramsay and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Journal Article ; A major impediment to the treatment of TB is a diagnostic process that requires multiple visits. Descriptions of patient costs associated with diagnosis use different protocols and are not comparable.We aimed to describe the direct costs incurred by adults attending TB diagnostic centres in four countries and factors associated with expenditure for diagnosis. Surveys of 2225 adults attending smear-microscopy centres in Nigeria, Nepal, Ethiopia and Yemen. Adults >18 years with cough >2 weeks were enrolled prospectively. Direct costs were quantified using structured questionnaires. Patients with costs >75(th) quartile were considered to have high expenditure (cases) and compared with patients with costs