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Royal Society of Chemistry, RSC Advances, 79(4), p. 41968-41975

DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04953e

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Synthesis and characterization of F-doped nanocrystalline Li4Ti5O12/C compounds for lithium-ion batteries

Journal article published in 2014 by Xiaona Han, Zhen Zhao, Yunlong Xu, Dong Liu, Huang Zhang ORCID, Chongjun Zhao
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

The F-doped and carbon coated Li4Ti5O12-xFx/C (LTOF/C) composite anode materials are synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction with Lithium citric acid as the conductive carbon source, and LiF as the fluorine source. The structure and electrochemical properties of the LTOF/C materials are investigated and the effects of carbon coating and ion doping on the performance of as-prepared materials are discussed. Under a potential range from 0.01 to 2.5 V, LTOF/C exhibits better reversibility and higher cyclic stability compared with LTO and LTO/C, especially at high current rates. The initial specific discharge capacity is 325.6 mAh g-1 at a current density of 170 mA g-1, and remains about 165 mAh g-1 over 1000 cycles when the current density increases to 850 mA g-1. The main factors influencing the excellent performances should be attributed to the cooperation of the F-doping and carbon-coating, which can increase the mixed amount of Ti3+/Ti4+ valence, leading to improve the ionic conductivity and the electron conductivity in LTO at the same time.