The salt of neodymium has been widely used in industrial polymerization of 1,3-butadiene. We used the ternary catalytic system neodymium versatate/diethylaluminum chloride/triisobutylaluminum (NdV₃/DEAC/TIBA) with 0.5 mM NdV₃/100 g Bd, NdV₃ : DEAC = 1 : 9 mol : mol, and TIBA = 25, 50, 100, and 200 mM. The number-average molecular weight (Mn), weight-average molecular weight (Mw), and polydispersity index (PDI) were analyzed by GPC; the rheological properties were analyzed by DMA. The formulations were prepared with carbon black (IRB6) as reinforcing filler and the mechanical properties were compared to behavior of the different elastomeric compounds. The elastomeric compounds were characterized by their rheological properties, tensile strength, abrasion resistance, tear strength, permanent set, resilience, and fatigue properties. The highcis-1,4 polybutadiene (highcis-1,4-BR) was obtained with a percentage ofcis-1,4 ≥97%. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) was from 150 × 10³to 900 × 10³ g/mol and polydispersity index (PDI) was from 3.1 to 5.1. This work is based on evaluation of the effect of the catalyst system on the final properties of the synthesized polybutadiene.