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American Chemical Society, Analytical Chemistry, 10(86), p. 4910-4918, 2014

DOI: 10.1021/ac501143e

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Direct Electron Transfer of Glucose Oxidase-Boron Doped Diamond Interface: A New Solution for a Classical Problem

Journal article published in 2014 by Yan-Feng Bai, Tai-Bin Xu, John H. T. Luong ORCID, Hui-Fang Cui
This paper was not found in any repository; the policy of its publisher is unknown or unclear.
This paper was not found in any repository; the policy of its publisher is unknown or unclear.

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Abstract

A planar boron doped diamond (BDD) electrode was treated with KOH and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to serve as a biosensing platform for biomolecule immobilization with glucose oxidase (GOx) as a test model. The free amino groups of GOx and APTES were cross-linked by glutaraldehyde (X), a bi-functional chemical to form a stable enzyme layer (GOx-X-APTES) on BDD. Micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy revealed that a mesoporous structure uniformly covered the BDD surface. Cyclic voltammetry of GOx immobilized showed a pair of well-defined redox peaks in neutral phosphate buffer solution, corresponding to the direct electron transfer of GOx. The apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant of the immobilized GOx was estimated to be 8.85 ± 0.47 s-1, considerably higher than the literature reported values. The determination of glucose was carried out by amperometry at -0.40 V and the developed biosensor showed good reproducibility and stability with a detection limit of 20 µM. Both ascorbic and uric acids at normal physiological conditions did not provoke any signals. The dynamic range of glucose detection was further extended by covering the enzyme electrode with a thin Nafion layer. The Nafion/GOx-X-APTES/BDD biosensor showed excellent stability, a detection limit of 30 µM, a linear range between 35 µM and 8 mM, and a dynamic range up to 14 mM. Such analytical performances were compared favorably with other complicated sensing schemes using nanomaterials, redox-polymers, and nanowires. The APTES functionalized BDD could be easily extended to immobilize other redox enzymes or proteins of interests.