Objective: The association between hantavirus seropositivity and chronic renal failure has been reported in several studies. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of hantavirus antibodies among patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in Ankara and Ki{dotless}ri{dotless}kkale cities. Methods: A total of 125 patients including 68 females (mean age, 48 years) and 57 males (mean age, 45.8 years) with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and 47 healthy subjects including 24 females (mean age, 55.9 years) and 23 males (mean age, 49.5 years) were included in the study. Hantavirus IgM and IgG antibodies were investigated by ELISA. Results: Hantavirus IgM and IgG positivity were not detected in any of the patients and control group. Conclusions: Controlled studies performed on endemic patient groups including more cases are required to establish the role of hantavirus infection in patients with chronic renal failure.