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American Society of Clinical Oncology, Journal of Clinical Oncology, 15_suppl(27), p. 9576-9576, 2009

DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.9576

Springer (part of Springer Nature), Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2(25), p. 150-153

DOI: 10.1007/s11606-009-1161-z

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Code Status Documentation in the Outpatient Electronic Medical Records of Patients with Metastatic Cancer

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

9576 Background: Advanced care planning is an essential component of cancer care for patients with incurable malignancies. However, the extent to which clinicians clearly document end-of-life care discussions and code status preferences in ambulatory medical records is unknown. The goal of the study was to investigate the rate of code status documentation in the electronic longitudinal medical record (LMR) of patients with metastatic cancers. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of outpatient medical records of 2498 patients with metastatic solid tumors seen at an academic cancer center from 10/1/06 through 2/29/08. An electronic database was used to gather information on patient demographics, cancer type, and visits to the cancer center. The sample consisted of patients with metastatic breast, colorectal, non-colorectal gastrointestinal (GI), bladder/kidney, ovarian, prostate, and lung cancers. For the study endpoints, we queried the LMR to determine completion and designation of code status, which could be documented as follows: full code, do not resuscitate (DNR)/do not intubate (DNI), or DNR/DNI with specific resuscitation requests. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of code status completion and resuscitation preference. Results: Among the 2498 patients, 508 (20.3%) had a documented code status. Code status was documented more frequently in patients with metastatic non-colorectal GI (193/609, 31.7%) and lung (179/583, 30.7%) cancers compared to patients with genitourinary malignancies (bladder/kidney [4/89, 4.5%], ovarian [4/93, 4.3%] and prostate [7/365, 1.9%] cancers). Independent predictors of having documented code status included cancer type and a greater number of visits to the cancer center. Younger patients and black patients were less likely to be designated as DNR/DNI. Conclusions: Despite the incurable nature of metastatic cancers, a minority of patients had a code status documented in the outpatient medical record. Given the importance of advanced care planning for those with terminal illness, interventions are needed to encourage discussion and documentation of end-of-life care preferences in patients with advanced cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.