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American Chemical Society, Chemistry of Materials, 9(25), p. 1829-1836, 2013

DOI: 10.1021/cm400382j

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Telluroether and Selenoether Complexes as Single Source Reagents for Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Crystalline Ga2Te3 and Ga2Se3 Thin Films

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

The neutral complexes [GaCl3((EBu2)-Bu-n)] (E = Se or Te), [(GaCl3)(2){(BuE)-Bu-n(CH2)(n)(EBu)-Bu-n}] (E = Se, n = 2; E = Te, n = 3), and [(GaCl3)(2){(BuTe)-Bu-t(CH2)(3)(TeBu)-Bu-t}] are conveniently prepared by reaction of GaCl3 with the neutral (EBu2)-Bu-n in a 1:1 ratio or with (BuE)-Bu-n(CH2)(n) (EBu)-Bu-n or (BuTe)-Bu-t(CH2)(3)(TeBu)-Bu-t in a 2:1 ratio and characterized by IR/Raman and multinuclear (H-1, Ga-71, Se-77-{H-1}, and Te-125{H-1}) NMR spectroscopy, respectively, all of which indicate distorted tetrahedral coordination at Ga. The tribromide analog, [GaBr3((SeBu2)-Bu-n)], was prepared and characterized similarly. A crystal structure determination on [(GaCl3)(2){(BuTe)-Bu-t(CH2)(3)(TeBu)-Bu-t}] confirms this geometry with each pyramidal GaCl3 fragment coordinated to one Te donor atom of the bridging ditelluroether, Ga-Te = 2.6356(13) and 16378(14) angstrom. The Bu-n substituted ligand complexes serve as convenient and very useful single source precursors for low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) of single phase gallium telluride and gallium selenide, Ga2E3, films onto SiO2 and TiN substrates. The composition and morphology were confirmed by SEM, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy, while XRD shows the films are crystalline, consistent with cubic Ga2Te3 (F (4) over bar 3m) and monoclinic Ga2Se3 (Cc), respectively. Hall measurements on films grown on SiO2 show the Ga2Te3 is a p-type semiconductor with a resistivity of 195 +/- 10 Omega cm and a carrier density of 5 x 10(15) cm(-3), indicative of a close to stoichiometric compound. The Ga2Se3 is also p-type with a resistivity of (9 +/- 1) x 10(3) Omega cm, a carrier density of 2 x 10(13) cm(-3), and a mobility of 20-80 cm(2)/V.s. Competitive deposition of Ga2Te3 onto a photolithographically patterned SiO2/TiN substrate indicates that film growth onto the conducting and more hydrophobic TiN is preferred.