Dissemin is shutting down on January 1st, 2025

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Springer Verlag, Solar Physics, 1-2(224), p. 95-101

DOI: 10.1007/s11207-005-4281-6

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An Upper Limit on Sunspot Activity During the Maunder Minimum

Journal article published in 2004 by Kovaltsov Ga, G. A. Kovaltsov, I. G. Usoskin ORCID, K. Mursula
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

We have estimated the upper and lower limits of sunspot activity, in terms of active day fraction during the Maunder minimum (1645 1710), using raw information on individual daily observations (Hoyt and Schatten, 1998). Establishing the relation between the sunspot activity and active day fraction after 1850, we evaluate the upper limit of annual group sunspot number during the deep Maunder minimum (1645 1700) which does not exceed 4. The earlier finding of a dominant 22-year periodicity during the Maunder minimum is verified and shown to be robust. Also we confirm that the start of the Maunder minimum was very abrupt.