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Hindawi, Scientifica, (2015), p. 1-6, 2015

DOI: 10.1155/2015/563869

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Multivariate Analysis of Grain Yield and its Attributing Traits in Different Maize Hybrids Grown Under Heat and Drought Stress

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

This study was carried out to determine F1 single cross maize hybrids in four crop growing seasons (2010-2012) developed from the four maize inbred lines. Morphological traits and physiological parameters of the twelve maize hybrids were evaluated with the express goal to: (i) construct seed yield equation and (ii) determine grain yield attributing traits of well-performing maize genotype for effective selection using a previously unexplored method of two-way hierarchical clustering. Our data showed that in seed yield predicting equation photosynthetic rate contributed the highest variation (46%). Principle component analysis data showed that the investigated traits contributed up to 90.55% variation in dependent structure (i.e., grain yield per plant). Based on these findings, we found that factor 1 contributed 49.6 % variation (P< 0.05) with primary important traits (i.e., number of leaves per plant, plant height, stem diameter, fresh leaves weight, leaf area, stomatal conductance, sub-stomata CO2 absorption rate and photosynthetic rate). The two-way hierarchical clustering results demonstrated that Cluster III had outperforming genotype, H12 (Sultan × Soneri) along with its most closely related traits (photosynthetic rate, stomata conductance, sub-stomata CO2 absorption rate, chlorophyll contents, leaf area and fresh stem weight).Our data shows that H12 (Sultan × Soneri) possessed the highest grain yield per plant under high temperature and low irrigation regime conditions, which are most likely to exist in arid and semi-arid climatic conditions, such as in Pakistan.