Cellular uptake kinetics. Notes: (A) Cellular uptake of EC-ME formulations with different VP16 concentrations. (B) Cellular uptake of EC-ME formulations after treatment for different time periods. (C) Cytotoxicity of EC-ME formulations with different VP16 concentrations against A549 cells. (D) Size alteration of EC-ME formulation (200 μg/mL) after treatment at various pH values for 4 hours. Abbreviations: E-ME, VP16-loaded conventional microemulsion; EC-ME, VP16-loaded coix seed oil microemulsion.