In the last decade unrecorded alcohol consumption has become the focus of increasing attention, as World Health Organization estimations have shown that about 30% of global consumption is unrecorded. Unrecorded denotes alcoholic drinks produced and/or consumed that are not recorded in official statistics of sales, production, or trade. In some countries, unrecorded drinks account for the majority of alcohol consumption. Unrecorded alcohol stems from various sources: home production, illegal production and sales, illegal (smuggling) and legal imports (cross-border shopping), and other production of alcoholic drinks that are not taxed and/or are not included in official production and sales statistics. This chapter discusses per capita consumption of unrecorded alcohol, consumers of unrecorded alcohol, composition and health risks of unrecorded alcohol, and policy aspects.