We report on a one-step strategy at ambient conditions for the production of hybrid inorganic core/carbon shell nanoparticles by means of pulsed laser ablation of inorganic targets (LiNbO3, Au, Si) in hydrocarbon liquids, such as toluene and chloroform. The core of these spherical nanoparticles consists of the target material, whereas the shells are carbon structures (multilayer graphite-type carbon and amorphous carbon), which are formed due to thermal decomposition of the organic liquid being in contact with hot inorganic nanoparticles ejected from a bulk target. The carbon shells emit photoluminescence in blue-green spectral regions and the found luminescence, which demonstrates dependence of the luminescence band maximum on the excitation wavelength, is analogous to the one observed for the so-called “carbon dots”.