Curauá (Ananas erectifolius) is a new lignocellulosic material possessing valuable properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of natural and delignified fibers reveal their dense structure and nanoveinlets of cellulose agglomerates. Thin Al2O3 and Ta2O5 coatings of various thicknesses (30 − 130 nm) are grown on the fiber surface by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Nanowalled microtubes of Al2O3 and Ta2O5 are prepared by annealing the coated fibers in an oxidative atmosphere to verify compactness, homogeneity, and continuity of the coatings obtained. The suitability of curauá fiber for ALD applications is shown. Both ALD coatings and the nanowalled microtubes replicate well the irregular fiber relief, they are resistant and homogeneous.