Guidelines drawn up for patients undergoing termination of pregnancy state that there should be a protocol for either screening or treating for Chlamydia trachomatis. So far guidelines for other techniques that require instrumentation of the uterus (e.g. hysterosalpingography) remain unclear and controversial. By looking for other less invasive techniques we will be able to avoid these problems in a proportion of cases. Screening or treatment should be performed in those cases requiring uterine instrumentation.