<i>Aim:</i> We determined whether subclassification of short small for gestational age (SGA) children according to birth anthropometrics could delineate different patterns in gestation, delivery, postnatal growth, response to growth hormone (GH) treatment and parental height. <i>Methods:</i> 201 short SGA children were divided into three groups, SGA_L, SGA_L+W and SGA_L+W+HC, according to birth length (L), weight (W) and head circumference (HC) ≤–2.00 standard deviation score (SDS). <i>Results:</i> SGA_L+W+HC children were born after the shortest gestational age and more often by caesarean section than SGA_L children (36.3 vs. 38.1 weeks, 68.4 vs. 24.4%). SGA_L+W children had an intermediate pattern and experienced most gestational hypertension (p = 0.01). At birth, SGA_L+W+HC children were shorter than SGA_L or SGA_L+W (–4.12 vs. –2.67 and –3.72 SDS, p ≤ 0.001). During the first 3 years of life, SGA_L+W+HC children exhibited an increased growth in height (0.98 SDS) and HC (1.28 SDS) than SGA_L (height, –0.06 SDS; HC, –0.30 SDS) and SGA_L+W (height, 0.62 SDS; HC, –0.31 SDS). However, HC SDS remained smaller for SGA_L+W+HC than the other groups at age 3. The groups did not differ in growth response during GH treatment. SGA_L children tended to have shorter parents and target height than SGA_L+W+HC children. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our study shows that subclassification of short SGA children might be a useful method for investigating SGA children as the subgroups revealed a different gestation, delivery and postnatal growth pattern. Response to GH treatment was not different between the groups.