Objective: To describe cerebral regional oxygen saturation measured by near infrared spectroscopy in the setting of normal and increased intracranial pressure in children to evaluate the association between cerebral regional oxygen saturation and intracranial pressure in comparison with other clinical variables. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Two academic tertiary care centers' pediatric intensive care units. Patients: Thirty patients with intracranial pressure and near infrared spectroscopy monitoring (median age, 11.5 yrs; inter-quartile range, 5.2-13 yrs) for a range of neurologic diagnoses, including brain tumor, trauma, intracerebral hemorrhage, and hydrocephalus. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Temporally correlated cerebral regional oxygen saturatio