AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of oxymatrine on HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBcAg expression in the liver tissue of HBV transgenic mice, and to further expound the mechanisms of oxymatrine anti-HBV. METHODS: HBV transgenic mice models were established by microinjecting methods, and detected by HBV DNA in- tegration and replication. Replicating HBV transgenic mice were divided into three groups: injected with normal saline (n=9), 50 mg/kg (n=8) and 100mg/kg (n=9) oxymatrine intraperitonealy once a day for 30 days, respectively. After treatment, detection of HBsAg and HBeAg by ELISA, HBsAg and HBcAg by immunohis- tochemistry in the liver tissues was conducted. RESULTS: Compared with group normal saline, HBsAg con- tent in 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg oxymatrine decreased, but there was no statistic significance (F =1.29, P >0.05). Compared with normal saline group, HBeAg content in 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg oxymatrine groups obviously decreased(F =9.09, P 0.05). The number of HbsAg-positive cells in the normal saline group, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg oxymatrine had no changes in the liver tissues (χ2=1.61, P >0.05). The number of HBcAg-positive cells in the liver tissues was significantly lower in the group of 100 mg/kg oxymatrine than that in the group of normal saline (χ2=4.73, P