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JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY Digestibility of Alternative Protein-Rich Feedstuffs for Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Journal article published in 2011 by Renato Eiji Kitagima, Débora Machado Fracalossi
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of amino acids, crude protein, gross energy, and dry matter of canola meal, corn gluten feed, fish offal meal, shrimp and fish offal meal, poultry by-product meal, and hydrolyzed feather meal were determined for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Experimental diets contained 30% test ingredient, 69.5% casein-based reference diet, and 0.5% chromic oxide. Groups of 20 fish (102.45 g) were fed the experimental diets twice a day at 3.5% body weight. Fecal samples were collected in triplicate daily at 0000 h and 0600 h after settlement into collection devices. Shrimp and fish offal meal and corn gluten feed presented significantly lower (P < 0.05) ADC for dry matter (59.5 and 39.3%) suggesting their low value as feedstuffs for catfish feeds. Although ADC values for crude protein were above 80% for all the test ingredients, amino acid digestibility varied significantly, except for histidine whose ADC remained constant regardless of the protein source. Lysine was the first limiting amino acid in most of the test ingredients, except in fish offal meal and poultry by-product meal. Among the protein sources tested, only fish offal meal and poultry by-product meal met channel catfish amino acid requirements for a 28% digestible protein grow-out diet. Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, is a widely studied freshwater fish species with significant economical importance (Hargreaves and Tucker 2004). In 2008, the USA processed 231,149 MT of channel catfish and imported 46,460 MT of Siluriformes, of which 10,479 MT were Ictalurus spp. (NASS 2009). The traditional protein-rich feedstuffs uti-lized in commercial catfish feeds were cot-tonseed meal, meat and bone meal, fishmeal, and most of all soybean meal (Robinson et al. 2001; Robinson and Li 2002). However, soy-bean meal price fluctuations justify the use of alternative protein ingredients, such as plant and animal by-products with more competi-tive prices. Robinson et al. (2001) reported that poultry by-product meal has a higher protein concentration and better amino acid profile for catfish than soybean meal (NRC 1993) and can replace 4–6% of menhaden fishmeal in catfish feeds.