The rtPCR assay proved to efficiently detect DNA from all Contagious Agalactia causative agents, with a satisfying limit of detection. When challenged with milk samples from farms, the rtPCR assay gave results comparable (94%) to that obtained by classical culture step. The rare discrepancies tend to prove that the DNA extraction step is critical especially because goat milk is a complex matrix very variable in quality and bacterial load. Some drawbacks may be highlighted for this assay: the possible contamination of samples by DNA without presence of viable bacteria and the lack of information at the sub(species) level within the mycoides group. This assay presents however huge benefits for diagnosis labs: it is user-friendly, very rapid with no need of a pre-culture and fully automatable.