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National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1(108), p. 254-259, 2010

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1017354108

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Receptor-type guanylate cyclase is required for carbon dioxide sensation by Caenorhabditis elegans

Journal article published in 2010 by Elissa A. Hallem, W. Clay Spencer, W. Clay Spencer, Rebecca D. McWhirter, Georg Zeller, Stefan R. Henz, Gunnar Rätsch, G. Ratsch, David M. Miller, H. Robert Horvitz, H. Robert Horvitz, Paul W. Sternberg ORCID, Niels Ringstad
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

CO 2 is both a critical regulator of animal physiology and an important sensory cue for many animals for host detection, food location, and mate finding. The free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans shows CO 2 avoidance behavior, which requires a pair of ciliated sensory neurons, the BAG neurons. Using in vivo calcium imaging, we show that CO 2 specifically activates the BAG neurons and that the CO 2 -sensing function of BAG neurons requires TAX-2/TAX-4 cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels and the receptor-type guanylate cyclase GCY-9. Our results delineate a molecular pathway for CO 2 sensing and suggest that activation of a receptor-type guanylate cyclase is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which animals detect environmental CO 2 .