Background: Vinca alkaloids and platinum-containing chemotherapeutic drugs have the potential to cause chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). This study determined the frequency of CIPN among children who were treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), lymphoma, brain tumour or Wilms tumour. Procedure: This retrospective cohort study reviewed 252 patients treated at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario from 2001-2011. Patients were considered to have CIPN if they developed clinical symptoms of CIPN such as limb paraesthesia, weakness and/or ataxia during chemotherapy and their treating neurologist or oncologist deemed that their symptoms were due to a peripheral cause. Patients were excluded if their treatment regime did not include chemotherapy. Results: The overall frequency of CIPN was 18.3% (46/252). Tumour-specific CIPN rates were: 18.9% (29/154) for ALL; 9.4% (3/32) for lymphoma; 17.9% (5/28) for Wilms tumour; and 23.7% (9/38) for brain tumour patients. Nerve conduction studies were completed for 17% of patients (all tumour types) and were abnormal in all but one patient. Among surviving CIPN patients (41/46), 93% showed no clinical deficits at their last examination, which was on average 56 months from time of diagnosis to last follow-up visit. Conclusions: The frequency of CIPN was less than that previously reported in adults receiving chemotherapy. Children with CIPN have a favourable outcome with most showing clinical improvement during the maintenance phase of treatment or after chemotherapy completion.